Plumbing is concerned with water works. It is divided into two broad categories:
1. Plumbing: This refers to all those activities undertaken in a bid to avail water to the building. Water here is categorized as drinking water and cleaning water. Drinking water must be wholesome and unhampered with.
2. Drainage: this refers to all those activities that are necessary to remove used water from the house. This water could either be waste, that is water from basins and sinks, or soil, that is water from closets, bidets and the like.
The following activities are concerned in this trade:
· Piping: Water is delivered in pipes. In principle, water pipes are usually of smaller diameters. This is done to maintain water pressure as well as reduce wastage. Drainage pipes, on the other hand, are usually of larger diameters and laid to a fall. This is done to ensure that the waste water flows by gravity, thus reducing costs as would be incurred in pumping. These pipes are usually concealed (for security and also to maintain aesthetics) in walls and slabs or in the ground. There are various types of pipes used. These include:
• Galvanised Iron Pipes: These are common in plumbing works. They are desired for their ability to withstand pressure (internal and external) as well as heat. Their main disadvantages include:
- Furring: This is the accumulation of carbon deposits in hot water pipes, which leads to eventual blockage. - Rusting: Although not a major problem, these pipes are prone to rusting and as such need protection. - Expense: These pipes are more expensive than their plastic counterparts.
• PVC Pipes: This is a light duty plastic pipe. It is common in drainage, but is also used in plumbing. It has disadvantages of being weak to pressure and heat. It is however cheaper than GI Pipes and also not prone to furring.
• PPR: This is a new generation heavy duty plastic pipe. It is desired for its ability to withstand both pressure and heat as well as being flexible for construction purposes. It is very suitable for plumbing purposes.
Joining: All pipes come with their joining parts like unions, bends, reducers and adapters. These are then screwed, glued or welded together.
· Storage: this is done by the use of tanks. Water is stored in tanks, usually at the ground, underground or elevated levels. Drainage waste is either stored in a septic tank or transferred to ทาวน์เฮ้าส์มือสอง กรุงเทพ treatment facilities.
· Control of flow and usage is done by the use of valves, taps and meters.
· Collection: Drainage waste collection is done using facilities like sinks, basins and floor traps.
· Others include the provision of check points, usually in the form of manholes or inspection chambers.
Generally, most of the tasks in pluming are concerned with connection of facilities.
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